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Minimum Acceptable Diet and Factor Associated with It Among Infant and Young Children Age 6-23 Months in North Shoa, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Getu Gizaw,
Gudina Tesfaye
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
1-7
Received:
24 January 2019
Accepted:
7 March 2019
Published:
21 March 2019
Abstract: Appropriate complementary feeding Practice is essential in the first two years of life for satisfactory growth and development of children and for prevention of childhood illness. Insufficient quantities, frequency and inadequate quality of complementary foods have a detrimental effect on health and growth in this critical period. The aim of this study was to assess minimum dietary diversity and meal frequency practice and determinants among infant and young children age between 6 and 23 months in Shoa, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out to select 200 mothers/caregivers with 6–23 months of children reside in Sheno health center from July 25 to August 25, 2017. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to gather information on socio-demographic, child feeding practices and health-related characteristics. Data were entered to Epi-Data version 3.02 and transported to SPSS version 21 for further analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to see the association between the outcome variables and explanatory variables, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors of minimum acceptable diet. The study revealed that the percentage of 6–23 months of children who meet the recommended level of minimum dietary diversity and meal frequency were 45 and 33%, respectively. Proportion of children who received composite indictor minimum acceptable diet was only 13.3%. Mothers/caregivers who had postnatal care visit, having good knowledge about child feeding practice, getting media exposure and mothers who had growth monitoring follow up were positively associated with minimum acceptable diet. Even though the study showed better progress as compared to the national prevalence of complementary feeding practices, child feeding practices in the study area were inadequate and not achieving national and WHO infant and young child feeding recommendations. Strengthening the available strategies and creating new intervention measures to improve maternal and child health services and giving behavioral change communication on child feeding practice using local media are compulsory actions for the government and policymakers.
Abstract: Appropriate complementary feeding Practice is essential in the first two years of life for satisfactory growth and development of children and for prevention of childhood illness. Insufficient quantities, frequency and inadequate quality of complementary foods have a detrimental effect on health and growth in this critical period. The aim of this s...
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Effect of Untreated Water Flow Rate at Certain Temperature on the Discharge of Treated Water
Muhammad Arshad Ullah,
Muhammad Aslam,
Raheel Babar
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
8-11
Received:
22 November 2018
Accepted:
19 March 2019
Published:
26 April 2019
Abstract: The origin and continuation of mankind is based on water. Water is one of the most abundant resources on earth, covering three-fourths of the planet’s surface. Water is one of the earth’s most abundant resources, covering about three-quarters of the planet’s surface. The reason for this apparent contradiction is, of course, that - 97.5% of the earth’s water is salt water in the oceans and only 2.5% is fresh water in ground water, lakes and rivers and this supplies most human and animal needs. It would be feasible to address the water-shortage problem with seawater desalination; however, the separation of salts from seawater requires large amounts of energy which, when produced from fossil fuels, can cause harm to the environment. The discharge from desalination plants is almost entirely water, and .01 percent is salt. Desalination is a process that extracts minerals from saline water. Solar-powered desalination technologies can be used to treat non-traditional water sources to increase water supplies in rural, arid areas. Water is the basis of life, the origin of human endurance, and the prime material base to guarantee the economy significant development of a country. This solar desalination technique explains the diminutive and extensive-period feasibility of via solar energy as a system to influence desalination. Seawater and briny water were considered, as well as liquid waste. This protocol summarizes that solar desalination expenditure remains lower to exchange saline water into clean water. Water scarceness is a rising dilemma for large regions of the world. Access to safe, fresh and pure clean drinking water is one of the most important and prime troubles in different parts of the world. Among many of water cleansing technologies solar desalination/distillation/purification is one of the most sustainable and striking method engaged to congregate the supply of clean and pure drinkable water in remote areas at a very sound cost. Six types of dripper having discharge 3 - 8 lh-1 were installed one by one and measured discharge and volume of clean water indicated that at 6 lh-1 untreated water discharge have maximum evaporation and volume of clean water was 19.2 lh-1 at same temperature and radiations. Now strategy was developed that when increased the temperature the intake discharge of untreated water must be increased and salt drained water two times more than treated water.
Abstract: The origin and continuation of mankind is based on water. Water is one of the most abundant resources on earth, covering three-fourths of the planet’s surface. Water is one of the earth’s most abundant resources, covering about three-quarters of the planet’s surface. The reason for this apparent contradiction is, of course, that - 97.5% of the eart...
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Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) Relative to the Use of Condoms Against Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS in Academic Environment: February to July 2018
Bahati Rusimbuka Marcel,
Fatuma Maheshe Esther,
Bisimwa Maheshe Mathieu,
Seza Bintu Diane
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
12-17
Received:
8 March 2019
Accepted:
16 April 2019
Published:
20 May 2019
Abstract: This study entitled "Knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to the use of condoms in the fighting against sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS in academic environment» meets the need to identify the level of knowledge, know-how and know-be of students of the ISTM-Goma on the use of condoms to fight and protect themselves from STI. This study focused on 937 students represented by 281 students of Superior Institute of Medical Techniques of Goma, registered in G1, G3, and L2 during the 2017-2018 academic year constituting our sample. It results that: students know the condom (94.3%). Information about condom use-way remains the school, sexual partner, friends and media. Students 71.2% know male and female condoms. Almost all; 92.2% of students say that condoms protect from STI. Thus, all of the students (respondents) say that the condom is for single use. 79.7% of the students of the ISTM-Goma use condoms during sexual relations. Masculine students use more condoms (90.1%) than feminine students (71.9%). Age does not influence the use of condoms in relationships. Less than a quarter (18.5%) of students at ISTM-Goma use systematically condoms during sexual relations and 42.0% use it on each occasional sexual relation. Only 32.7% of women of the ISTM regularly use condoms compared to 67.3% of men. More than half of the ISTM students use the condom for a long time (over 2 years); or 55.2%. ISTM-Goma students impose the use of condoms to their sexual partners, at 54.1%. More than half of the students cancel relation when the sexual partner refuses the use of condoms. The rip (tear) is the most quoted inconvenience by students: 66.2%. Religion-belief (48.6%) constituted the commonest barrier to condom-use. In finish; Students know condoms, ways of knowing them are school, partner friend and medias; they know two kinds of condoms: male and female. Students know that they (condoms) protect against sexual transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS, and they know how to put it. More of them pay condoms in pharmacies. More of students impose the use of condoms to partners; when partner does refuse to use it, more than the half cancel relation. Rip of condom is the high annoyance gotten. Students are favourable to the use of condoms to fight against STI and HIV/AIDS; religions don’t allow their believers to use condoms.
Abstract: This study entitled "Knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to the use of condoms in the fighting against sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS in academic environment» meets the need to identify the level of knowledge, know-how and know-be of students of the ISTM-Goma on the use of condoms to fight and protect themselves from STI. This...
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Effect of Milk Protein Hydrolysate on Some Hematological Parameters of Type II Diabetic Rats
Mahmoud Ibrahim El-Sayed,
Sameh Awad,
Mokhtar Yousef,
Abdelmonem Wahba,
Aisha El Attar,
Mostafa Zedan
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
18-29
Received:
8 March 2019
Accepted:
13 April 2019
Published:
20 May 2019
Abstract: Milk protein-derived bioactive peptides could be used in human nutrition in both newborns and adults, since they are claimed to be health-improving components that can be used to reduce the risk of disease or to enhance certain physiological functions. This study investigated the effect of oral intake of milk protein concentrate (MPC) and milk protein concentrate hydrolysate (MPCH) on body weight, organ relative weight, and hematological parameters in alloxan-induced diabetes rats. The animals were divided into six major groups after stabilization of diabetes for one week. Diabetic and non-diabetic rats groups were received intra-gastric dose of MPC or MPCH (150mg/kg B.W) for six weeks. Feed treatment by MPC and MPCH significantly (P<0.05) increased the final body weight of normal rats and improved the body weight of diabetic rats and significantly protective (P<0.05) the liver, kidney, heart and lung of normal rats and reduced the fallers of these organs in diabetic rats. The diabetes groups treated by MPCH showed improvement in RBC, Hb, Ht and PLT values. Meanwhile WBC not affected. The oral intake of MPCH protected the normal range of Lymphocytes and S. Nutrophils in healthy and diabetic rats. The oral intake of MPCH caused significant (P<0.05) decrease of Monocytes in diabetic and non-diabetic rats, while the oral intake of MPC had no affected on Monocytes of diabetic and non-diabetic rats. MPC and MPCH reduced the harmful effect of T2D on body weight, organs weights of rats, and improvement most hematological parameters of normal and diabetes rats.
Abstract: Milk protein-derived bioactive peptides could be used in human nutrition in both newborns and adults, since they are claimed to be health-improving components that can be used to reduce the risk of disease or to enhance certain physiological functions. This study investigated the effect of oral intake of milk protein concentrate (MPC) and milk prot...
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Management of Cancer in Ayurveda, Siddha & Herbology
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
30-35
Received:
7 November 2018
Accepted:
12 April 2019
Published:
11 June 2019
Abstract: In 21 century our Health is in Danger. From every corner of the world people are having some health problems due to environmental pollution incl. electromagnetic radiation, which leads to oxidative stress, double strand breaks in cellular DNA, breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, Loss of melatonin and Cancer. Urban lifestyle is also the greatest cause of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress in body increases like anything and we start cellular aging, got some morbid diseases as a gift and finally death. Insecticides and agrochemicals are the cause of acute and persistent injury to the nervous system, lung damage, injury to the reproductive organs, dysfunction of the immune and endocrine systems, birth defects, may affect the human endocrine and immune systems and may promote the development of cancer. Health effects of pesticides range from mild allergies, rashes, breathing difficulties, neurotoxicity and reproductive abnormalities to deadly chronic diseases like cancer. In this article author traces the linkages of environmental pollution, lifestyles, oxidative stress and related factors to the development of cancer, and the role Ayurveda and Siddha can play in management.
Abstract: In 21 century our Health is in Danger. From every corner of the world people are having some health problems due to environmental pollution incl. electromagnetic radiation, which leads to oxidative stress, double strand breaks in cellular DNA, breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, Loss of melatonin and Cancer. Urban lifestyle is also the greatest c...
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Differences of Wound Healing in the Buccal Part and Oral Mucosa Labial After Giving Lemongrass Extracts (Cymbopogon ciratus)
Ameta Primasari,
Edikin Raja Sinulingga
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
36-41
Received:
3 February 2019
Accepted:
27 May 2019
Published:
20 June 2019
Abstract: Lemongrass is one of the plants that widely used as traditional medicine in Indonesia. Lemongrass contains bioactive substances such as flavonoids, phenolic acids and tannins which act as anti-inflammatory and antioxidants that influence the wound healing process. The aim of this study was to compare the differences in buccal and labial mucosal wound healing, and to see the effect of lemongrass extract on the process of increasing oral mucosal epithelial thickness in white rats. This research is a pure experimental design with a post test-only design with control design. This study used 21 white rats divided into 3 groups where the first group of 100% lemongrass extract, the second group of 50% lemongrass extract, and the third group as the treatment that was not treated. The results of the One-way ANOVA and Post-hoc LSD test on the buccal mucosa showed significant differences with the labial mucosa. There were no significant differences in the buccal section with the second group and the third group p = 0.74 (p <0.05). There were no significant differences in the labial section with the first and second groups, but there were significant differences with the third group p = 0.003 (p <0.05). The effect of lemongrass extract has effectiveness in accelerating healing of oral mucosal wounds in white rats. There was also an increase in the thickness of the oral mucosal epithelium after administration of lemongrass extract with concentrations of 100% and 50%. Based on the research that has been done it can be concluded that healing wounds of the buccal mucosa heal faster than labial mucosal wounds because the buccal part contains saliva which has an important role in the wound healing process.
Abstract: Lemongrass is one of the plants that widely used as traditional medicine in Indonesia. Lemongrass contains bioactive substances such as flavonoids, phenolic acids and tannins which act as anti-inflammatory and antioxidants that influence the wound healing process. The aim of this study was to compare the differences in buccal and labial mucosal wou...
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Exclusive Breast Feeding Prevalence and Associated Factors an Institutional Based Cross Sectional Study in Bahir dar Northwest Ethiopia
Ewnetu Bazie,
Amsalu Birara,
Ewenat G/hanna
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2019
Pages:
42-49
Received:
24 January 2019
Accepted:
25 February 2019
Published:
15 July 2019
Abstract: Exclusive breastfeeding is accepted as the best natural form of infant feeding up to six months and has a protective effect against morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of exclusively breastfeeding and associated factors during the first six months among mothers who was attending in Bahir Dar public health centers and private pediatric clinics. An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on mothers with infants six-twelve months of age. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to determine the final sample size of 634 participants. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the eligible mothers. The result show that, The overall rates of exclusively breast feeding were 46.7%. Mothers who are currently in union [(AOR=0.176 (0.058, 0.536)], urban residence mothers [(AOR=0.375 (0.211, 0.664)], not sick infants [(AOR=4.441 (2.404, 8.094)], adequate knowledgeable mothers [(AOR=3.570 (2.367, 5.383)] and favorable attitude mothers [(AOR=2.537 (1.729, 3.724)] were significant association towards exclusively breast feeding. Exclusively breast feeding was significantly low in Bahir Dar city administration health care facility attendant mothers.. Therefore health education should be focused on urban societies, mothers with sick infants, to raise their knowledge and change attitude of mothers towards the many benefit of exclusive breast feeding both in public and private health care facilities so as to increase the prevalence of exclusive breast feeding.
Abstract: Exclusive breastfeeding is accepted as the best natural form of infant feeding up to six months and has a protective effect against morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of exclusively breastfeeding and associated factors during the first six months among mothers who was attending in Bahir Dar public healt...
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